The threat of global warming, fueled by the increase in CO2 in the atmosphere due to the combustion of fossil fuels for civil, industrial and transport energy uses, has pushed research towards innovative technological solutions. Among these, geological storage of CO2 (CCS) presents itself as a promising strategy to mitigate the effects of climate change at a global level.
In Italy, ENI has started a CCS pilot project near Ravenna, exploiting marine geological formations that in the past hosted methane gas. The National Research Council (CNR) has been tasked by ENI with carefully monitoring the environmental impact of this activity, both in the marine environment and in the geological formations overlying the storage area.
The Gastone project, conceived and conducted by the CNR, aims to evaluate the potential consequences of the geological storage of CO2 on the marine ecosystem. It is divided into two phases: a preliminary pre-storage phase, aimed at characterizing the oceanographic, biological, biogeochemical and geological properties and processes of the marine environment before the start of storage operations, and a subsequent phase of continuous monitoring during CO2 injections, to identify any releases and possible environmental alterations.
The monitoring activities of the Gastone project are of fundamental importance to guarantee the safety and sustainability of the geological storage of CO2. The data collected will help to better understand the potential impacts of this technology on the marine environment and optimize storage procedures to minimize risks and maximize benefits.
Establishment of the ecological observatory system in the Adriatic Sea, shared between Italy and Croatia, to integrate ecological and oceanographic research with conservation strategies for marine Natura 2000 sites.
ADRIREEF tests innovative actions to assess the suitability of natural and artificial reefs for the development of sustainable activities and in line with Blue Economy principles.
Promoting technological and non-technological solutions for innovation in the adoption of Small Scale Fisheries and aquaculture in the Adriatic-Ionian Basin.
The research activities of the Institute are carried out in the context of research, development and innovation projects, both national and international, based on regional funding programs (POR FEAMPA - Regional Operational Program of the European Maritime Affairs Fisheries Fund and Aquaculture and POR FESR - Regional Operational Program of the European Regional Development Fund) or ministerial (PRIN - Projects of relevant national interest, PNRA - National Research Program in Antarctica, PO FEAMPA - National Operational Program European Maritime Affairs Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund) , programs for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg), direct funding programs of the European Commission (Horizon2020 and Horizon Europe, Life, JPI - Joint Programming Initiatives, ERA-NET Cofund) and thematic collaboration initiatives managed by international organizations such as, for example , the FAO - GFCM (General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean). The Institute also develops funded projects in the context of collaborations with private companies in the sectors of the blue economy as well as technology transfer and research results. Research projects, mainly of a collaborative nature, are developed through a wide network of partners that include major Italian and foreign research institutions and universities.