From 1989/90 to date, seven acoustic surveys have been conducted in the Ross Sea during which data have been collected on the two krill species (Euphausia superba and Euphausia crystallorophias) that constitute the Middle Trophic Level (MTL) of this Region aimed at studying their biomass and geographic distribution, demography, surrounding environment (through CTD and XBT sampling) and, in some campaigns, studying their predators through visual surveys. Krill is a key resource for a wide variety of marine mammals and birds, and the establishment of the Marine Protected Area in the Ross Sea could be an important initiative to safeguard it; however, the level of krill abundance should be monitored regularly and rigorously, also to ascertain any benefits that the establishment of the protected area may foster. The acoustic survey also allows monitoring of Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarctica).
The present project is proposed as a continuation of similar studies carried out in past years (2004, 2014 and 2016) by conducting a survey covering the area that includes the two main cores of abundance of the two krill species, known from the knowledge gained during previous campaigns. The results of this project will allow the comparison of the abundance and spatial distribution of the two krill species in years close to each other, in relation to fluctuations in key environmental parameters. It will also be possible to increase the body of knowledge useful for the identification of Antarctic silverfish aggregations, while preliminary models on its specific acoustic reflectivity (Target Strength) are already available; an estimate, albeit preliminary, of its biomass can then be made.
NAUTILOS was created with the goal of complementing and expanding existing observational instruments and services in the EU, and enabling the collection of marine data with greater spatial resolution, temporal regularity, and length than currently available.
Monitoring of offshore platforms in the Adriatic Sea aimed at verifying effects following the discharge of production water from offshore platforms into the sea and the absence of hazards to water and aquatic ecosystems.
To provide national and EU administrations, as well as regional-level fisheries management bodies such as the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM) and the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna (ICCAT), with scientific data and appropriate tools to undertake programming interventions and adopt management measures in line with the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP).
The research activities of the Institute are carried out in the context of research, development and innovation projects, both national and international, based on regional funding programs (POR FEAMPA - Regional Operational Program of the European Maritime Affairs Fisheries Fund and Aquaculture and POR FESR - Regional Operational Program of the European Regional Development Fund) or ministerial (PRIN - Projects of relevant national interest, PNRA - National Research Program in Antarctica, PO FEAMPA - National Operational Program European Maritime Affairs Fisheries and Aquaculture Fund) , programs for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg), direct funding programs of the European Commission (Horizon2020 and Horizon Europe, Life, JPI - Joint Programming Initiatives, ERA-NET Cofund) and thematic collaboration initiatives managed by international organizations such as, for example , the FAO - GFCM (General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean). The Institute also develops funded projects in the context of collaborations with private companies in the sectors of the blue economy as well as technology transfer and research results. Research projects, mainly of a collaborative nature, are developed through a wide network of partners that include major Italian and foreign research institutions and universities.